Which of the following is a risk factor for falls in the elderly?

Cognitive and visual impairments are indeed significant risk factors for falls in the elderly. These impairments can affect an individual's ability to perceive their environment accurately and respond appropriately to potential hazards. For instance, cognitive impairments, such as dementia or decreased processing speed, can hinder a person's judgment and decision-making abilities, increasing the likelihood of misstepping or losing balance. Similarly, visual impairments can reduce depth perception or the ability to see obstacles, further contributing to the risk of falling.

The other options provided, such as strong social support, increased endurance, and regular exercise, are generally considered protective factors against falls. Strong social support can enhance safety through assistance and resources, while increased endurance and regular exercise improve strength, balance, and coordination, which are crucial for reducing fall risk in the elderly.